Prescription patterns of antidiabetic medications in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Navi Mumbai, India: a cross-sectional observational study.

Masum Reza; Chintan Patel; Manali Deshpande; Vaishali Thakare; Deepak Langade

doi:10.51168/bd2f2e90

Autori

Masum Reza Junior Resident 3rd Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
Chintan Patel Junior Resident 1st Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
Manali Deshpande Junior Resident 2nd Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Vaishali Thakare Professor, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Deepak Langade Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/bd2f2e90

Cuvinte cheie:

type 2 diabetes mellitus, antidiabetic prescribing pattern, drug utilization, oral antidiabetic agents, metformin combination therapy, insulin glargine, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors

Rezumat

Background:

Prescription-pattern studies provide real-world evidence on the use of glucose-lowering medicines and may identify changes in clinical practice as treatment options expand. This study assessed oral antidiabetic agents, insulin preparations, and metformin-based combinations prescribed to adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary-care outpatient setting.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology at D Y Patil Hospital and Research Centre, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from April to July 2026. Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving antidiabetic therapy were selected consecutively. Demographic, diagnostic, and prescription data were recorded using a predesigned case-record form and summarized using descriptive statistics.

Results:

A total of 102 participants were included and analyzed. Adults aged 25-64 years constituted 69 (67.64%) participants; 55 (53.92%) were female, and 49 (48.04%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus with complications. Concomitant non-antidiabetic medicines accounted for 51.96% of medication use and antidiabetic medicines for 48.04%. Metformin-based dual therapy was the most frequent oral regimen (33.2%), followed by triple therapy (16.8%). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor plus metformin was the leading metformin combination (42 prescriptions), followed by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor-metformin triple therapy (33 prescriptions). Among 31 insulin prescriptions, insulin glargine was most frequent (18; 58.1%), followed by biphasic human insulin (11; 35.5%) and regular insulin (2; 6.5%).

Conclusions:

The prescribing pattern was centered on metformin-based combination therapy, with substantial use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and a preference for basal insulin. Periodic prescription audits linked to clinical outcomes are required to assess appropriateness, affordability, and long-term effectiveness.

Recommendations:

Regular prescription audits should evaluate guideline adherence, affordability, glycaemic outcomes, adverse effects, and rational use of combination therapy and insulin.

Biografii autori

Masum Reza, Junior Resident 3rd Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

is a third-year Junior Resident in the Department of Pharmacology at D. Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. He is involved in postgraduate academic activities, pharmacological research, prescription-pattern analysis, and the evaluation of rational medicine use in clinical practice.
Chintan Patel, Junior Resident 1st Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

is a first-year Junior Resident in the Department of Pharmacology at D. Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. His academic interests include clinical pharmacology, drug-utilization research, pharmacovigilance, and evidence-based prescribing.
Manali Deshpande, Junior Resident 2nd Year, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

is a second-year Junior Resident in the Department of Pharmacology at D. Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. She participates in postgraduate teaching and research, with interests in prescription auditing, rational pharmacotherapy, and clinical research methodology.
Vaishali Thakare, Professor, Department of Pharmacology, D Y Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

is Professor in the Department of Pharmacology at D. Y. Patil School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. She is engaged in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching, research supervision, clinical pharmacology, and the promotion of rational and evidence-based use of medicines. She served as the study supervisor and corresponding author.

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