A Study of Evaluation of Serum Leptin and Serum Adiponectin as Biomarkers in Endometrial Carcinoma Endometrium in Indian Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sabyasachi Padhi; Mahija Sahu; Anshuman Jena; Janmejaya Mohapatra; Nirupama Devi

doi:10.51168/s750z811

Autori

Sabyasachi Padhi PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha
Mahija Sahu PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH, Berhampur, Odisha, India
Anshuman Jena PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha
Janmejaya Mohapatra Professor & HOD, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AHPGIC, Cuttack, Odisha
Nirupama Devi Professor & HOD, Department of Biochemistry, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/s750z811

Cuvinte cheie:

Endometrial carcinoma, Leptin, Adiponectin, Leptin/Adiponectin ratio, Biomarkers, FIGO stage, India

Rezumat

Background:

Endometrial carcinoma is increasingly associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and altered adipokine levels. Leptin and adiponectin may have potential roles as biomarkers of tumour progression and prognosis. This study evaluated serum leptin and adiponectin levels and their association with clinicopathological characteristics in Indian women with endometrial carcinoma.

Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from March 2024 to September 2025 at MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha. Eighty women aged 40–70 years with histopathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma were enrolled. Pretreatment serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations with tumour grade, FIGO stage, disease progression, metastatic status, and prognosis were assessed. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results:

The mean serum leptin was 9.30 ± 2.39 ng/mL and mean adiponectin was 12.14 ± 4.15 µg/mL. Serum leptin increased with tumour grade (Grade 1: 16.8 ± 5.1 ng/mL; Grade 3: 31.2 ± 8.1 ng/mL) and FIGO stage (Stage IA: 16.9 ± 4.8 ng/mL; Stage IIIC: 31.5 ± 8.8 ng/mL), whereas adiponectin decreased inversely. High disease progression was associated with higher leptin (28.3 ± 7.6 ng/mL) and lower adiponectin (8.1 ± 3.0 µg/mL; p<0.01 and p=0.015, respectively). The leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) was significantly higher in metastatic versus non-metastatic cases (3.91 ± 1.10 vs. 1.40 ± 0.35; p<0.01) and in poor versus good prognosis (4.34 ± 1.20 vs. 1.50 ± 0.45; p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Serum leptin, adiponectin, and particularly LAR were associated with disease severity, histopathological aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and prognosis.

Recommendation:

These adipokines may be considered as potential adjunctive biomarkers for risk stratification, but larger multicenter longitudinal studies are required to establish population-specific clinical cut-offs and validate their utility.

Biografii autori

Sabyasachi Padhi, PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha

is a postgraduate resident in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India. His academic interests include obstetrics, gynaecology, and clinical research.
Mahija Sahu, PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH, Berhampur, Odisha, India

is Professor and Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India. Her academic and clinical interests include obstetrics and gynaecology and women's health.
Anshuman Jena, PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha

is a postgraduate resident in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India. His academic interests include gynaecological disorders and clinical research.
Janmejaya Mohapatra, Professor & HOD, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AHPGIC, Cuttack, Odisha

is Professor and Head of the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AHPGIC, Cuttack, Odisha, India. His academic and clinical interests include gynaecological oncology and management of gynaecological malignancies.
Nirupama Devi, Professor & HOD, Department of Biochemistry, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha

is Professor and Head of the Department of Biochemistry, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India. Her academic interests include clinical biochemistry and biomarker research.

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