A Study of Evaluation of Serum Leptin and Serum Adiponectin as Biomarkers in Endometrial Carcinoma in Indian Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital:  A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sabyasachi Padhi; Mahija Sahu; Janmejaya Mohapatra; Nirupama Devi

doi:10.51168/z45tyx93

Autori

Sabyasachi Padhi PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH, Berhampur, Odisha, India
Mahija Sahu Professor & HOD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha, India
Janmejaya Mohapatra Professor & HOD, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AHPGIC, Cuttack, Odisha, India
Nirupama Devi Professor & HOD, Department of Biochemistry, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/z45tyx93

Cuvinte cheie:

Endometrial carcinoma, Leptin, Adiponectin, Leptin/Adiponectin ratio, Biomarkers, FIGO stage, India

Rezumat

Background:

Endometrial carcinoma is increasingly associated with obesity, metabolic disorders, and adipokine dysregulation. Leptin and adiponectin exert opposing biological effects and may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for tumour aggressiveness and prognosis. This study evaluated serum leptin and adiponectin levels and their association with histopathological parameters in Indian women with endometrial carcinoma.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, from March 2024 to September 2025. Eighty women aged 40–70 years with histopathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma were enrolled. Pre-treatment serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations with tumour grade, FIGO stage, myometrial invasion, disease progression, metastatic status, and prognosis were analyzed.

Results:

The mean serum leptin level was 9.30 ± 2.39 ng/mL, and the mean adiponectin level was 12.14 ± 4.15 µg/mL. Leptin levels increased progressively with tumour grade (Grade 1: 16.8 ± 5.1 ng/mL; Grade 3: 31.2 ± 8.1 ng/mL) and FIGO stage (Stage IA: 16.9 ± 4.8 ng/mL; Stage IIIC: 31.5 ± 8.8 ng/mL), whereas adiponectin levels decreased inversely. Patients with high disease progression had significantly higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels than those with low progression. The leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) was significantly higher in metastatic and poor-prognosis cases.

Conclusion:

Serum leptin, adiponectin, and particularly the leptin/adiponectin ratio were significantly associated with histopathological aggressiveness, disease progression, metastatic potential, and prognosis in Indian women with endometrial carcinoma.

Recommendation:

Larger multicenter longitudinal studies should be conducted to validate leptin, adiponectin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio as prognostic biomarkers and establish standardized clinical cut-off values for routine use in endometrial carcinoma management.

Biografii autori

Sabyasachi Padhi, PG Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH, Berhampur, Odisha, India

is a Postgraduate Resident in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College and Hospital (MKCG MCH), Berhampur, Odisha, India. His research interests include gynecologic oncology, reproductive medicine, women's health, and clinical research.
Mahija Sahu, Professor & HOD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha, India

is Professor and Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College and Hospital (MKCG MCH), Berhampur, Odisha, India. She has extensive experience in obstetrics and gynecology, with research interests in gynecologic oncology, high-risk obstetrics, reproductive health, and women's healthcare.
Janmejaya Mohapatra, Professor & HOD, Department of Gynaecological Oncology, AHPGIC, Cuttack, Odisha, India

is Professor and Head of the Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Acharya Harihar Post Graduate Institute of Cancer (AHPGIC), Cuttack, Odisha, India. He is a specialist in gynecologic oncology with extensive experience in the diagnosis, surgical management, and research of gynecological malignancies. His research interests include endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, cancer biomarkers, and translational oncology.
Nirupama Devi, Professor & HOD, Department of Biochemistry, MKCG MCH , Berhampur, Odisha, India

is Professor and Head of the Department of Biochemistry, Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College and Hospital (MKCG MCH), Berhampur, Odisha, India. Her research interests include clinical biochemistry, cancer biomarkers, molecular diagnostics, and translational biomedical research

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