Anti-bacterial activity of mango (Mangifera indica) leaf extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. A cross-sectional study.

Linda Frances Ajambo; Fortunate Lujjimbira; Priscilla Balungi; James Kasozi; Majidu Talemwa Walusimbi; Derrick Napokoli; Michael Rabwoni; Jacqueline Kyosiimire

doi:10.51168/k2dctq55

Autori

Linda Frances Ajambo Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Fortunate Lujjimbira Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Priscilla Balungi Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
James Kasozi Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Majidu Talemwa Walusimbi Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Derrick Napokoli Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Michael Rabwoni Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi
Jacqueline Kyosiimire Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51168/k2dctq55

Cuvinte cheie:

Mangifera indica, mango leaf extract, antibacterial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, phytochemicals, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), antimicrobial resistance, agar well diffusion, broth microdilution

Rezumat

Background.

This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of M. indica leaf extracts against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methodology.

Mature M. indica leaves were collected from the University of Kisubi compound, authenticated, dried, pulverized, and extracted by maceration in a 1:1 ethanol-acetone solvent mixture (20% w/v). Phytochemical screening was performed using standard qualitative tests. Antibacterial activity was assessed by the agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by broth microdilution with resazurin dye, and MBC/MIC ratios were calculated to classify activity as bactericidal (≤4) or bacteriostatic (>4).

Results.

Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and mangiferin in the extract. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against both test organisms, with significantly greater activity against Staphylococcus aureus (mean inhibition zone = 16.93 ± 1.83 mm) than Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53 ± 3.07 mm) (p < 0.001). The predominant MIC values were 1/128 for Staphylococcus aureus and 1/16 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bactericidal activity was observed in all Staphylococcus aureus isolates and in 93.3% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.

Conclusion.

Mangifera indica leaf ethanol-acetone extract possesses significant antibacterial activity, particularly against S. aureus, and predominantly bactericidal effects against both tested pathogens.

Recommendation.

Further bioassay-guided fractionation is recommended to isolate and characterize the active compounds, followed by in vivo toxicity, pharmacokinetic, and efficacy studies to evaluate clinical potential as an alternative antibacterial agent.

Biografii autori

Linda Frances Ajambo, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a Bachelor of Biomedical Laboratory Technology student at the University of Kisubi, Uganda. She has a strong interest in microbiology, antimicrobial resistance, medicinal plant research, and infectious disease control. Her research focuses on evaluating the antibacterial potential of medicinal plants against clinically important bacterial pathogens. This study on the antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was conducted as part of her undergraduate research training.
Fortunate Lujjimbira, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.
Priscilla Balungi, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.
James Kasozi, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi
Majidu Talemwa Walusimbi, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.
Derrick Napokoli, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.
Michael Rabwoni, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a research supervisor at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.
Jacqueline Kyosiimire, Faculty of Health Science, University of Kisubi

is a Dean and researcher at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kisubi.

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